What neurodiversity is, the different types of neurodivergence, and understanding neurodivergent children's needs.
What neurodiversity is
People naturally think, learn and experience the world in different ways. Neurodiversity describes these natural differences in how people's brains work.
There is no single right way for a brain to develop or process information. People have different strengths, interests and support needs.
Many neurodivergent people have strengths that can be valuable at home, in education, at work and in their communities.
Some neurodivergent children and young people may also need support to help them learn, communicate, build relationships or take part in everyday activities.
A person may be described as neurodivergent if their brain works differently from what is considered typical.
Neurodivergent people may experience differences in:
- communication and language
- attention and concentration
- learning
- movement and coordination
- sensory processing
- social interaction
- managing emotions
These differences can bring both strengths and challenges.
The different types of neurodivergence
There are many different types of neurodivergence. These are sometimes called neurotypes.
Examples of neurotypes include:
- autism
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- developmental language disorder (DLD)
- dyspraxia, also called developmental coordination disorder
- dyslexia
- dyscalculia
- Tourette syndrome
Some children may have more than one neurotype.
You can find out more about neurodiversity in the video below from Autism Central Learn and the NHS.
Understanding your child's needs
Every child is different. Two children with the same diagnosis may have very different strengths and support needs.
Support should be based on a child's individual needs, rather than their diagnosis alone.
Support without a diagnosis
Children do not need a diagnosis to receive support. Nurseries, schools and colleges should provide support based on a child or young person's needs.
Support should not be delayed while families wait for assessments or diagnoses. Education settings can work with you to:
- do a needs analysis to better understand your child's strengths, needs and experiences
- identify what support should be in place
Read more about other support in education settings.
